DEFAULT SETTINGS IN MAHONING COUNTY
Richard Hayes Phillips, Ph.D.
December 20, 2004
A disturbing story has been widely circulated that a
vote for Bush was the default choice in the software of
electronic voting machines in a number of states. By
definition, “default” settings are built-in by the
manufacturer to make sure their programs work properly,
and can be changed by the user. Some examples of
default settings on a home computer are screen savers,
type face, and screen resolution.
According an article by Ann Harrison, posted at
http://www.counterpunch.org/harrison12082004.html
in certain counties in Ohio, Florida, Pennsylvania,
Texas, and New Mexico where touch screen voting machines
were used, there have been complaints from voters who
selected Kerry on the touch screen and saw their votes
change to Bush on a summary screen. In addition, there
was a specific problem with the Sequoia AVC Edge machine
(not used in Ohio) where voters actually saw preselected
default choices presented to them.
With touch screen machines, it is possible to set up a
default choice for Bush that would not be seen by the
voters. Their votes would be automatically cast for
Bush unless they successfully overrode the default
choice of the computer. Likewise, if they deliberately
chose not to vote for president, their votes would be
counted for Bush.
Mahoning County was by far the largest county in Ohio
where touch screen voting machines were utilized.
According to a report by the Youngstown Vindicator at
http://www.vindy.com/basic/news/281829446390855.php
Mark Munroe, Chairman of the Mahoning County Board of
Elections, said there were 20 to 30 machines that needed
to be recalibrated during the voting process because
some votes for a candidate were being counted for that
candidate’s opponent. In addition, about a dozen
machines needed to be reset because they “essentially
froze.” Later on election night, problems arose in 16
precincts (11 in Youngstown, 2 in Boardman, and one each
in Jackson Township, Craig Beach, and Washingtonville),
causing election results to be delayed for three hours
as Board of Elections employees checked the vote tallies
of the touch screen machines.
<snip>
For Mahoning County there are 116 incident reports, 28
of them involving machine problems. Most of these are
complaints consistent with the voting machine having a
preselected default setting. There are several reports
of machines miscasting votes, always away from Kerry,
that do not specify a polling site. Most, however,
do specify a polling place, and for these I have
ascertained the precinct by calling the Board of
Elections or referring to their website at
www.electionohio.com/mahoning/findpollinglocation.asp
<snip>
If touch screen machines are to be used, against the
better judgment of this writer, it is essential to allow
inadvertent undervotes by having a default setting for
no vote at all, and that the machines function properly
so that the number of undervotes is small. To steer
undervotes into the column of a candidate chosen by a
computer hacker is nothing short of fraud. The number
of votes stolen in this manner may seem small in any
given precinct, but it can happen almost everywhere at
once, automatically, undetected, without a paper trail.
http://web.northnet.org/minstrel/youngstown.htm
