.......... and when our presence in such foreign countries are causing additional rif among these ppl, I am sticking with the fact that the US govt is someplace where they do not belong! This turmoil all about the presence of such US bases to gain control of the Caucasus region for profits!
http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/18/opinion/edrubin.phpTurmoil at the heart of Central Asia
Barnett R. Rubin International Herald Tribune
THURSDAY, MAY 19, 2005
NEW YORK The slaughter of hundreds of civilian demonstrators in the Uzbek city of Andijon by U.S.-trained troops on the personal orders of President Islam Karimov raises fair questions about the Bush administration's claim to be advancing democracy or human rights in the region.
After an initially lukewarm reaction, the State Department has finally started calling for political reform in the country. Before that, the U.S. military's operational need for bases and the CIA's desire to continue the "rendition" of terror suspects to Tashkent appeared to trump all political considerations.
No one should be deceived by Karimov's claim that these demonstrations constituted an Islamic extremist uprising.
Andijon is only a short drive from Osh and Jalal-Abad, cities in southern Kyrgyzstan with a majority of ethnic Uzbeks where the cousins (literally in some cases) of the demonstrators in Andijon spearheaded a democratic revolution two months ago.
The demonstrators in Andijon raised the same slogans and used the same tactics that had succeeded across the border, to the applause of the United States. Only a few days earlier, in a speech in Tbilisi, Georgia, President George W. Bush had lauded the courage of those demonstrators.
Yes, there are Islamic extremists in Andijon. But as experts on the region have been arguing to policy makers since before the Central Asian states became independent in 1991, these militants are only the most extreme manifestation of a much broader and deeper anger in the region over pervasive poverty, repression, corruption and political exclusion.
Andijon is one of the major cities of the Ferghana Valley. Lying at the heart of historical Central Asia, the valley includes only 5 percent of the region's territory but 20 percent of its population. The Soviets split Ferghana among three states - Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan - in part because it was a bastion of resistance to Soviet rule.
As the Soviet system began to collapse in the late 1980s, unemployment grew and the peoples of Ferghana revived their history of Muslim and national activism, which sometimes led to violent clashes with the state or among ethnic groups.
Hundreds were killed in such clashes in 1989 and 1990 in parts of the Ferghana Valley in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. In 1991, after Uzbekistan declared its sovereignty, an Islamic movement called Adolat (Justice) took control of parts of Namangan Province, in northeastern Ferghana, not far from Andijon.
After the militants occupied some buildings, the government cracked down and arrested many of them. The rest fled to Tajikistan and Afghanistan, where they eventually formed the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and linked up with the Taliban and Al Qaeda.
The movement was battered in the U.S.-led military operations launched after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. But wiping out one group did not end resistance, and Tashkent proceeded to impose harsh rules against the free practice of religion, especially (but not only) Islam.
Any expression of faith outside government control was repressed. Torture was commonly used, to the point that one suspected Islamic activist was boiled to death as part of his "interrogation." When his mother protested, she was arrested.
Yet since 9/11 the CIA has sent captured terrorist suspects to Uzbekistan, even while Bush denied that the United States would turn over detainees to countries that used torture.
The events in Andijon grew out of concerns in Tashkent that the growth of cross-border commerce threatened to create some independence in society.
After the three republics sharing the Ferghana Valley declared independence in 1991, the resulting barriers to trade created great hardships. Making matters worse, Uzbekistan resisted efforts by its neighbors to facilitate border trade and instead planted land mines along its borders, causing many civilian deaths.
This year, Karimov's government imposed even harsher trade restrictions. According to the Asian Development Bank, "Incomes of small businesses and retailers fell, as they were unable to adjust to trade restrictions and regulations."
The police then arrested 23 small merchants who had achieved some local success, charging them with adherence to a local Islamic group with no known terrorist connections. Local people believe they were arrested mainly because their profits made them slightly independent of the government. It was their trials that touched off the demonstrations.
In the end, the group responsible for the crisis was the government of Uzbekistan and its U.S.-trained troops, which used indiscriminate violence to slaughter peaceful demonstrators.
If Washington does not want Central Asians to believe that such repression is the true face of the war on terror, it must condemn the repression, press for genuine political reform, terminate the rendition of suspects to Uzbekistan and demand access to the area for international humanitarian groups and news organizations.
Washington must also support the longstanding efforts by the United Nations and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to promote regional cooperation in Central Asia.
Thus far the United States has done nothing to overcome the resistance of the Karimov regime to even the mildest requests, like one several years ago to send a UN fact-finding team to the Ferghana Valley.